We are excited to share our "Two Bees in a Podcast". Have questions or comments? Please contact us at honeybee@ifas.ufl.edu

• Episode 1: Introduction to the UF/IFAS Honey Bee Research and Extension Lab

  Meet your “Two Bees in a Podcast” hosts, learn about their positions and experiences, find out more about what to expect from this podcast, and how you can be more involved!

  Q&A

  1. What do you think about the Flow Hive? 
  2. Can you use Oxalic acid treatment on the frames?
  3. What is parasitic mite syndrome?
  4. How effective are beetle blasters and dryer sheets?
  5. How often should check beetle traps or blasters?
• Episode 2: The UF/IFAS Honey Bee Research and Extension Laboratory

  Learn about the HBREL, UF Instructional Programs, and what it means to have a Healthy Colony.

  Q&A

  1. What about ants?
  2. What’s with worker bees laying eggs?
  3. Do we have African bees here?
  4. Should we be scared of having them?

  Notes and additional resources

  Instruction: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/instruction/ 

  Cameron Jack: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/about-us/people/cameron-jack/ 

  William Kern: https://flrec.ifas.ufl.edu/faculty/william-kern/ 

  EDIS Ant Control in the Apiary: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1181 

• Episode 3: The Mite Is Free to Move About the Cabin

  A general overview of Varroa, honey bee pollen and nutrition, Master Beekeepers Programs, and Q&As. 

  Q&A

  1. Why might you see bees in your landscape one year, but suddenly the next year they are gone?
  2. What’s really going on when bees do the waggle dance?
  3. What happens if the queen dies during swarming?
  4. When do bees swarm?

  Notes and additional resources

  Varroa, Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in855 

  Nutrition and Bee Plants: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/nutrition-and-bee-plants/ 

  UF IFAS Master Beekeeper Program: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/extension/events-and-activities/master-beekeeper-program/ 

   

• Episode 4: What It Takes to Provide Purposeful Education

  A summary of Extension and Research, and an interview with Dr. Meghan Milbrath from Michigan State University discussing her 50/50 Research/Extension appointment.

  Q&A

  1. How did you (Dr. Jamie Ellis) get into entomology?
  2. What are the best ingredients to put into a smoker to calm bees?

  Notes and additional resources

  Land-Grant University Website Directory: https://nifa.usda.gov/land-grant-colleges-and-universities-partner-website-directory

  HBREL Extension: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/extension/

  UF/IFAS Extension: https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/

  HBREL Research: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/research/

  HBREL Research Publications: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/research/honey-bee-husbandry/publications-by-topic/

  Dr. Meghan Milbrath: https://www.canr.msu.edu/people/meghan_milbrath

  The Sand Hill: http://www.sandhillbees.com/

   

• Episode 5: Species Without Natural Enemies

  What to do about honey bee dead-outs with Dr. Humberto Boncristiani, a discussion on invasive species with Dr. Jim Cuda, and Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. We are trying to save the bees, but what about wasps and yellow jackets?
  2. Is it appropriate to include frames of wax in a bait hive when trying to attract a swarm?
  3. Should you destroy queen cells in thriving colonies?

  Notes and additional resources 

  HBREL Honey Bee Husbandry Research: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/research/honey-bee-husbandry/ 

  HBREL Beekeeping Equipment: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/beekeeping-equipment/ 

  James P. Cuda:http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/people-directory/james-cuda/ 

  Carey Minteer: https://irrec.ifas.ufl.edu/minteer-/

  What is happening with the Brazilian Peppertree: http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/entnemdept/2019/09/11/what-is-happening-with-the-brazilian-peppertree-schinus-terebinthifolia-insect-release/ 

  Brazilian peppertree thrips: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/BENEFICIAL/Pseudophilothrips_ichini.html  

  Yellow Brazilian peppertree leaf-galler: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/beneficial/Calophya_latiforceps.htm  

  Classical Biological Control of Brazilian Peppertree in Florida: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN11400.pdf  

  How Scientists Obtain Approval to Release Organisms for Classical Biological Control of Invasive Weeds: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN60700.pdf  

  Brazilian Peppertree Seed Chalcid, Megastigmus transvaalensis: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN45300.pdf  

  Brazilian Peppertree Control: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/AA/AA21900.pdf  

• Episode 6: If Your Goal Is to Keep Your Bees Alive

  An interview with Randy Oliver about monitoring Varroa destructor, a discussion about the Bee Informed Partnership with Anne Marie Fauvel and Nathalie Steinhauer, and Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. What do you do if you want to keep bees but your HOA doesn’t allow it?
  2. What do you recommend about buying bees online?
  3. What’s the proper balance of reading and researching versus hands-on experience and learning as you go?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Randy Oliver: http://scientificbeekeeping.com/ 

  Varroa Information: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/pest-and-disease-resources/varroa/ 

  Bee Informed Partnership: https://beeinformed.org/ 

  Honey Bee Biology: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/honey-bee-biology/ 

  Honey Bee Management: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/management/ 

   

• Episode 7: Risk Is Simply the Product of Multiplying Toxicity and Exposure

  An interview with Dr. Judy Wu-Smart, Extension & Research Entomologist University of Nebraska-Lincoln, on her pesticide research, Jamie and Amy discuss pesticide risk and what that really means, and Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. Is there anything interesting about the bees’ knees?
  2. Do commercial beekeepers do preventative treatments for AFB, and should backyard beekeepers be doing it?
  3. Are heat treatments for mites effective?
  4. What methods do you recommend to prevent and recover from heavy colony losses, such as winter losses?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Judy Wu-Smart: https://entomology.unl.edu/faculty/dr-judy-wu-smart

  UF HBREL Pesticides: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/pesticides/

  Environmental Protection Agency: https://www.epa.gov/pesticides

   

• Episode 8: Commercial Beekeeping… One Day at a Time, One Issue at a Time

  An interview with Dr. Josette Lewis with the Almond Board of California, a discussion with Sarah Stern, a commercial beekeeper/co-owner of Concord Farms about her life as a commercial beekeeper, and Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. Do commercial beekeepers do preventative treatments for AFB?
  2. What government programs are available to help commercial beekeepers in the event of heavy colony losses?
  3. Is theft a problem in your operation?
  4. Are you concerned about pests and pathogens when transporting bees?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Almond Board of California: https://www.almonds.com/ 

  Concord Farms Bees: https://www.concordfarmsbees.com/ 

  Honey Bee Health Coalition: https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org/ 

  Honey Bee Protection in Florida: https://www.fdacs.gov/Agriculture-Industry/Bees-Apiary/Honey-Bee-Protection-in-Florida 

  Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-raised Fish (ELAP): https://www.fsa.usda.gov/programs-and-services/disaster-assistance-program/emergency-assist-for-livestock-honey-bees-fish/index 

  Beekeepers hit hard by thefts of hives: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/05/bee-thieves-cost-beekeepers-thousands/ 

  Catch the Buzz- Almond Pollination Colonies: https://www.beeculture.com/catch-the-buzz-almond-pollination-colonies-being-stolen-again-know-your-beekeeper-mark-your-hives-hide-your-hives/ 

  Identification and Treatment of European Foulbrood in Honey Bee Colonies: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1272 

   

• Episode 9: The First Responders in Bee Health Issues

  A discussion with the Florida Assistant Bureau Chief of Apiary Inspection, Brandi Stanford, an interview with pollination ecology expert, Dr. Rachel Mallinger, and Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. Logan Cutts wants to know, how many retweets until you will let him do a bee-beard at Bee College?
  2. How long can mites survive after the colony dies?
  3. How many mites can be eliminated with a brood break?
  4. Do some people still consider honey bees an invasive species?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Rules and Regulations: https://www.fdacs.gov/Agriculture-Industry/Bees-Apiary/Apiary-Inspection 

  Mallinger Lab:  http://www.rachelmallinger.com/ 

   

• Episode 10: Honey Bees Are Animals and They Deserve to Be in Good Health

  An interview with Dr. Meghan Milbrath about European foulbrood, followed by a discussion with Dr. Milbrath about Honey Bee Treatments, Dr. Bill Kern talks about Africanized Honey Bees, and we finish with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. I treated my colonies for Varroa, and about two months afterward, I started seeing Varroa again and my bees had deformed wing virus. What happened?
  2. Do honey bees dislike bananas?
  3. Why do you have to pay for bee removal?

  Notes and additional resources 

  European Foul Brood
  Milbrath: https://www.canr.msu.edu/people/meghan_milbrath 
  EFB Bee Informed Partnership: https://beeinformed.org/2013/04/05/european-foulbrood-efb-identification/ 
  European Foulbrood: A Bacterial Disease Affecting Honey Bee Brood: https://impact.extension.org/extension-articles/ 

  Treatment
  Diagnosis of Honey Bee Diseases: https://www.beelab.umn.edu/sites/beelab.umn.edu/files/_2016_disease_pdf_version_s.pdf 

  Africanized Honey Bees
  Kern: https://flrec.ifas.ufl.edu/faculty/william-kern/
  African Honey Bee, Africanized Honey Bee, Killer Bee, Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in790 
  Differences Between European and African Honey Bees: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in784 

   

• Episode 11: Even Though I'm an Entomologist, I'm Not an “Ant”omologist

  An interview with 2020 American Honey Princess, Sydnie Paulsrud, about the American Beekeeping Federation and the Honey Queen Program, followed by Bill Kern beginning our “Pests in the Apiary” series with a discussion about ants, and Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. How many hives are needed per acre in almond pollination?
  2. Are top bar hives a better choice for bee health?
  3. When should a beekeeper be worried about hive beetles?

  Notes and additional resources 

  American Honey Princess

  Honey Queen Program and Brochures 

  Dr. Bill Kern

  Ants in the Apiary

  Almond Pollination

  Top Bar Hives

  Small Hive Beetle

   

• Episode 12: Scientifically Rigorous Information

  Interviews with key members of the International Bee Research Association, including Professor Dr. William Kirk, discussing the history of IBRA, Dr. Robert Brodschneider, the editor of the journal Bee World, and Dr. Maria Bouga, the editor of the Journal of Apicultural Research. Jamie and Cameron include a synopsis of what it means to publish academic research.

  Q&A

  1. Why should we care about the honey bee gut?
  2. What are super sisters?
  3. What is the difference between orientation flights, swarming, and robbing?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. William Kirk 

  International Bee Research Association

  IBRA Introductory Leaflet

  COLOSS

  Dr. Robert Brodschneider

  Bee World

  Dr. Maria Bouga

  Journal of Apicultural Research

• Episode 13: Top 10 Tips for Beekeepers

  In this episode, Dave Westervelt discusses the history of beekeeping, we continue our pest series with Dr. Kern discussing wasps, and Dr. Ellis lists his top ten tips for beekeepers.

  Q&A

  1. Can you smoke bees too much?
  2. How does the hive keep a balance between drones and workers?
  3. Can the queen lay different types of eggs?

  Notes and additional resources 

  David Westervelt

  Dr. Bill Kern

  Wasps and Bees

  Dr. Jamie Ellis

  Jamie's Top 10 Tips (Page '34')

• Episode 14: Once a Bear Finds an Apiary, It Will Keep Going Back

  We are accompanied by Sarah Red-Laird, the founder and executive director of The Bee Girl Organization, to talk about bee nutrition, forage, and regenerative agriculture, we will be continuing our Apiary Pest discussion with Bill Kern talking about bears, and Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. Should you bottom super or top super? If you bottom super, what’s the order to do that?
  2. Is there any information on Azaleas and honey bees?
  3. I have honey bees in my tree. What can I do to remove them?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Sarah Red-Laird

  Bee Girl

  Ted Talk

  Habitat installation Guide

  Dr. William Kern

  Florida Bears and Beekeepers

  Florida Black Bear Management

• Episode 15: Popular Beekeeping Journals

  In this episode we discuss available resources and beekeeping journals by editors around the country: Eugene Makovec, the editor of American Bee Journal, and Jerry Hayes, the editor of Bee Culture (who has a little surprise for our podcast listeners!).

  Q&A

  1. Why doesn’t the Africanized honey bee gene pool get watered down?
  2. Is checking a hive once a week (or more) bad for the colony?
  3. What to do about swarms?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Eugene Makovec: American Bee Journal

  Jerry Hayes: Bee Culture

  Differences Between European and African Honey Bees

  Time Commitment Associated with Keeping Bees

  Swarms

• COVID-19 Special: Updates on the Beekeeping Industry

  In this very special episode, we discuss the effects of COVID-19 on beekeepers and how it connects with our food system. We are joined by Jason Mathis from Florida Farm Bureau, and Tony Hogg who is a beekeeper and the chair of the Apiary Advisory committee for the Florida Farm Bureau.

  Notes and additional resources 

  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  Tony Hogg

  Jason Mathis

  Florida Farm to You

• Episode 16: When You Have Competition, It Raises the Quality of a Product

  In this episode we are joined by Michael Young, who discusses Honey Judging, and we wrap up Bill Kern's pest series with a conversation about miscellaneous pests.

  Q&A

  1. What are books and resources for beekeepers?
  2. Can you combine frames from two hives to make one walkaway split?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Michael Young

  UF/IFAS Honey Judge Program

  Dr. Bill Kern

  Bee Pests

  Jamie's References

  Honey Bees and Beekeeping: A Year in the Life of an Apiary

  Storey's Guide to Keeping Bees

  The Beekeeper's Handbook

  Honey Bee Biology and Beekeeping

  The Backyard Beekeeper: An Absolute Beginner's Guide to Keeping Bees in Your Yard and Garden

  The Hive and the Honey Bee

  ABC & Xyz of Bee Culture: An Encyclopedia of Beekeeping

• Episode 17: Beekeeping in Barbados and a Look into the Use of Oxalic Acid

  In this episode we are joined by David Small, who discusses his experiences and knowledge of beekeeping in the Caribbean and how Varroa have affected the industry. We wrap up this episode with Dr. Cameron Jack, who’s segment focuses on the use of oxalic acid as a pest management tool.  

  Q&A

  1. Should you select and remove drones? 
  2. Do drones take resources away from the larvae? 
  3. Can you get different sizes of drone within your colony? 

  Notes and additional resources 

  David Smalls

  Varroa

  http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/pest-and-disease-resources/varroa/

  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in855 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5vVrAy6CEU 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6HyBbs9454&feature=youtu.be 

  https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org/varroa/ 

  Dr. Cameron Jack

  Efficacy of Oxalic Acid Vaporization

• Asian Giant Hornet Special: Truths and Myths about Vespa mandarinia

  In this episode we are joined by Chris Looney, Entomologist for the Washington State Department of Agriculture, who discusses the current situation surrounding the Asian giant hornet. 

  Notes and additional resources 

  Washington State Department of Agriculture

  Asian Giant Hornet Information

  FAQ

  Vespa mandarinia Featured Creatures

  Asian Giant Hornet EDIS

  Other resources

  Vespa velutina

• Episode 18: Honey Bee Friendly Landscaping and Equipment Tips and Tricks

  In this episode we are joined by UF IFAS Extension Lake County Agent, Brooke Moffis, to learn about landscaping for bees. We wrap up this episode with a discussion on commonly asked question about specific beekeeping equipment such as woodenware and bottom boards. 

  Q&A

  1. How did beetles find my hive only hours after installing them?
  2. What are small cell foundations? 
  3. What is the best way to move frames in a hive without crushing the queen? 

  Notes and additional resources 

  Brooke Moffis

  Landscaping for Honey Bees

  Beekeeping Equipment

• Episode 19: Social Immunity and Swarms

  In this episode we are joined by Distinguished McKnight Professor, Dr. Marla Spivak, to learn about social immunity. Amy and Jamie have a discussion on swarms, and we wrap up with Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. How soon should I put a honey super on a newly split ten frame hive?
  2. Can you tell us about treating for mites prophylactically?
  3. Are supers safe to reuse if they have tested positive for European foulbrood in the past?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Marla Spivak

  Propolis

  European Foulbrood 

  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1272 

  https://beeinformed.org/2013/04/05/european-foulbrood-efb-identification/ 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05tCHtUyNHM 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wyiaV222JoQ 

• Episode 20: The Role of Florida Farm Bureau Federation and Mosquito Control

  In this episode we discuss the role of Florida Farm Bureau Federation and their relationship with apiculture. In the second segment of this podcast episode, we speak with Caitlin Gill from the Florida Department of Agriculture, about mosquito control for beekeepers. 

  Q&A

  1. What are things that beekeepers can do to prevent mosquitoes?
  2. What ratio do you recommend for sugar water, and why?
  3. I have a split that didn't re-queen. I added a new frame of eggs, there is an empty queen cell but no sign of her. It is poorly populated... is it a loss?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Florida Farm Bureau Federation

  Mosquito Control

  https://www.fdacs.gov/Business-Services/Mosquito-Control 

  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in813 

  http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/entnemdept/2017/09/22/mosquito-control-florida-beekeepers/ 

• Episode 21: USDA Research Labs and State Beekeeping Associations

  In this episode we hear from Dr. Jay Evans, and learn about the role of USDA Bee Research Laboratories and what they do for beekeepers. This is followed by a discussion with Jennifer Holmes, the Florida State Beekeepers Association president, on state beekeeper associations. 

  Q&A

  1. After I work my bees, I smell like smoke the rest of the day. Is there a trick to removing smoke?
  2. When you first receive a package, I've been told that I should seal the entrance for the first day or two, is this true?
  3. Several times in a few weeks, I've seen small swarms head out over water and then return. When we captured the swarm, there was no queen, but the bees began to return to their hive. Have you seen this behavior before?

  Notes and additional resources 

  USDA Research Labs 

  Baton Rouge, LA : 

  https://www.ars.usda.gov/southeast-area/baton-rouge-la/honeybeelab/ 

  Beltsville, MD: 

  https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md-barc/beltsville-agricultural-research-center/bee-research-laboratory/ 

  Logan, UT: 

  https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/logan-ut/pollinating-insect-biology-management-systematics-research/ 

  Tucson, AZ: 

  https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/tucson-az/carl-hayden-bee-research-center/ 

   

  State Beekeeper Associations 

  https://flstatebeekeepers.com/ 

  https://www.abfnet.org/general/custom.asp?page=florida 

  https://www.abfnet.org/ 

  National, regional, and state associations: 

  https://www.honeytraveler.com/honey-by-country-region/united-states/united-states-beekeeping-associations/ 

• Episode 22: Blue Calamintha and ‘Found in Translation’

  In this episode we discuss the re-discovery of the blue calamintha bee with Dr. Chase Kimmel. Then we hear from Dr. Jay Evans, to learn about his column, ‘Found in Translation’.  

  Q&A

  1. How do you deal with bull ants?
  2. I just installed a package of bees into a new hive, the queen is in her cage with a sugar cork. The bees are clustering on the outside of the nest entrance and the cluster is getting bigger. What should I do?
  3. What qualifies someone as a beginner, intermediate, or advanced beekeeper?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Blue calamintha bee: 

  https://www.prevention.com/life/a32613640/rare-blue-calamintha-bees-florida/ 

  https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/daniels-lab/chase-kimmel/ 

  Found in Translation

  Bee Optimism

  Additional Information on Ants: 

  Two Bees in a Podcast: Even Though I'm an Entomologist, I'm Not an "Ant"omologist

  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1181 

• Episode 23: Best Management Practices and Factors That Determine a Worker vs a Queen

  In this episode we discuss the five best and worst commercial beekeeping management practices with Dan Aruell and Matt Hoepfinger from the Bee Informed Partnership (BIP). Then we hear from Dr. Julia Bowsher, to learn about her research on the factors that determine whether a female larvae will become a worker or queen bee.  

  Q&A

  1. I have a hive with screen bottom boards. I coat the plastic bottom boards with oil to collect 'all the good stuff'. I've heard of others who use diatomaceous earth. What are the pros and cons of diatomaceous earth?
  2. How does someone recognize forage resources around them and are there resources for determing what kind of forage is around you? Are there quantitative measures?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Bee Informed Partnership (BIP) https://beeinformed.org/about/ 

  Dan and Matt’s Bio: https://beeinformed.org/about/staff/ 

  Julia Bowsher Lab Page:https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~jbowsher/BowsherLab/Home.html

  Royal Jelly Does Not A Queen Make https://www.insidescience.org/news/royal-jelly-does-not-queen-make 

• Episode 24: BeeMD and Honey Labeling Guidelines

  In this episode we discuss BeeMD with Dr. Dewey Caron and Dr. Debbie Delaney. Then we hear from Chris Hiatt, the vice president of the American Honey Producers Association (AHPA) to discuss AHPA, some of their initiatives, including a hot topic in the commercial beekeeping industry: honey labeling guidelines. 

  Q&A

  1. Is there a resistance to amitraz?
  2. What does it mean when beekeepers talk about mite resistance or Varroa sensitivity?
  3. Where would someone find queens who are resistant to certain problems?

  Notes and additional resources 

  BeeMD: http://www.thebeemd.com/  

  Dewey Caron:http://blogs.oregonstate.edu/pollinationpodcast/2017/10/23/dr-dewey-m-caron/

  Debbie Delaney:https://www.udel.edu/canr/departments/entomology-and-wildlife-ecology/faculty-staff/debbie-delaney/

  American Honey Producers Association (AHPA): https://www.ahpanet.com/about-ahpa 

  AHPA App: https://www.ahpanet.com/latest-news 

  Chris Hiatt: https://www.ahpanet.com/officers-executive-board 

• Episode 25: Queen 'Duets' and the Story of Honey Bee History

  In this episode we discuss recent research conducted by lead scientist, Dr. Martin Bencsik, who studied honey bee queen ’duets’. Then we hear from Dr. Malcolm Sanford, professor emeritus from the University of Florida, about his research and career experiences.  

  Q&A

  1. What does it mean when beekeepers are 'treatment free'?
  2. Is Amdro safe to use around hives?
  3. How many dead bees is enough to cause concern?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Martin Bencsik:https://www.ntu.ac.uk/staff-profiles/science-technology/martin-bencsik 

  Queen bees ‘toot’ to instruct colony to keep them safe  

  https://www.ntu.ac.uk/about-us/news/news-articles/2020/06/queen-bees-toot-to-instruct-colony-to-keep-them-safe 

  Dr. Malcolm Sanford: http://apisenterprises.com/vita.htm 

  Apis Enterprises: http://apisenterprises.com/apis_ent.htm 

  Apis Information Resource News: https://beekeep.info/apis-newsletter 

  What Scientists and Beekeepers Want: https://beekeep.info/a-treatise-on-modern-honey-bee-management/bee-research-what-scientists-and-beekeepers-want/ 

  The State of Bee Science: http://apisenterprises.com/papers_htm/BC2006/The%20State%20of%20Bee%20Research.htm 

  Video with Humberto: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzMvo1IUOsOfUrz-PIKi7d9gKKUA6NWP9 

  Books for Malcolm T. Sanford: https://www.workman.com/authors/malcolm-t-sanford 

• Episode 26: Women in Beekeeping

  In this episode we are joined by Dr. Tammy Potter to discuss the role of women in beekeeping. Then we speak with Dr. Jennifer Tsuruda about what it means to be an Extension Specialist, her programs in Tennessee, and some emerging topics in the honey bee world. 

  Q&A

  1. When moving a hive, is it true that you need to move them 'two feet a day or two miles away'?
  2. How can we incorprate integrated pest management when using a top bar hive?
  3. Are there any essential oils we should not be using in the hive that attract small hive beetle?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Tammy Potter:

  https://www.beeculture.com/tammy-horn-potter/  

  https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/bees-in-america-tammy-horn/1100312731 

  https://www.amazon.com/Flower-Power-Establishing-Pollinator-Habitat/dp/187807556X 

  https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org/about-the-coalition/ 

  https://www.projectapism.org/pam-board-of-directors.html 

  https://www.easternapiculture.org/about-eas/eas-contacts.html 

   

  Jennifer Tsuruda:

  https://epp.tennessee.edu/people/directory/dr-jennifer-tsuruda/ 

  https://epp.tennessee.edu/masterbee/ 

• Episode 27: Black Bee Honey

  In this episode we speak to Black Bee Honey, a non-profit organization aiming to turn ‘food deserts to food oases,’ and encourage young entrepreneurs. The first segment describes how they provide youth the opportunity to learn about entrepreneurship. In the second segment, we go more in depth into how this program was developed and how you can begin one in your area. 

  Q&A

  1. Is honey safe to eat when pregnant? Can bacteria in honey cause botulism? Does the bacteria affect the bees?
  2. Why do queens have different colored abdomens?
  3. Why do bees sometimes exhibit behavior or wash boarding?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Black Bee Honey 

  https://www.blackbeehoneyhq.com/Home 

  https://www.blackbeehoneyhq.com/About-PKZ 

  Q&A resources 

  Infant Botulism and Honey

  Wash Boarding

• Episode 28: Queen Polyandry and the Label is the Law

  In this episode we speak with Dr. Keith Delaplane about queen mating behavior. For the second segment, Dr. Ellis and Amy discuss the role of labels and how to interpret them, and we finish up with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. Is there a way to control mold in a hive?
  2. How can you tell the difference between wax moths and small hive beetle larva?
  3. How do you deal with high moisture content in your honey?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Keith Delaplane

  Honey Bee Breeding: Fact or Fiction?

  Pesticide Labeling

  Introduction to Pesticide Labels

• Episode 29: Quality Queens and the Top Honey Bee Stressors

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. David Tarpy to learn what it means to have quality queen bees and about his Queen and Disease Clinic at North Carolina State University. Then Amy and Jamie discuss the biggest stressors that honey bee colonies face according to the Bee Informed Partnership. We end with a Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. I harvested my honey and there are a lot of bubbles. Is this OK or should I wait before putting a lid on it?
  2. What kind of hive stand is the best?
  3. Would it be OK if I got rid of deeps and used a different size hive box?

  Notes and additional resources 

  David Tarpy

  Queen and Disease Clinic

  Bee Informed Partnership

• Episode 30: 2019-2020 BIP Colony Loss Survey and Queen Bees

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Geoff Williams to discuss the 2020 Bee Informed Partnership (BIP) preliminary survey. Then Amy and Jamie talk about queen bees.

  Q&A

  1. When removing supers, should burr comb be melted and applied to frames to encourage honey bees to building into that super?
  2. What are "zom-bees"?
  3. I heard foundationless frames made smaller work bees, which led to less Varroa. Is this true?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Geoff Williams

  BIP Loss and Management Survey

  Queens

• Episode 31: Scout Bees & Bee Stings

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Juliana Rangel to talk about scout bees. This is followed by a segment where Dr. Ellis and Amy discuss bee stings. We end this episode with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. Can sugar water go bad?
  2. Do we remove supers to prevent amitraz contamination?
  3. When a commercial beekeeper is loading a pallet of hives, what are the bees doing?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Juliana Rangel

  Bee Stings: 

  https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ig099 

  https://ufdc.ufl.edu/IR00004422/00001 

• Episode 32: Generational & Commercial Beekeeping

  In this episode, we are joined by Logan Cutts to talk about his experience as a fifth-generation beekeeper. This is followed by a segment where Dr. Ellis and Amy discuss the commercial beekeeping industry. We end this episode with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. What's the deal with Manuka honey? Why is it so fancy, and why do people want it?
  2. Should we keep bees in the sun or the shade? Where is the best placement, and should the entrances be faced in a certain direction?
  3. Can bees survive in observation hives? Does the placement of these hives matter?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Industry Updates for Florida Beekeepers

  Economic Value of Commercial Beekeeping

  Getting to Know Commercial Beekeepers

  Revenue Sources for a Commercial Beekeeping Operation in the Pacific Northwest

  Operational Equipment Expenses for a Commercial Beekeeping Operation in the Pacific Northwest

  Keeping Bees in Florida

  Beekeeper Registration in Florida

• Episode 33: Varroa Sensitive Hygiene & Various Beekeeping Climates

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Jeff Harris from Mississippi State University, an expert on Varroa Sensitive Hygiene traits. This is followed by a segment where Dr. Ellis and Amy discuss overwintering colonies in different climates. We end this episode with Q&A.

  Q&A

  1. Has there been any research on combining two or more different chemical treatments at the same time to treat Varroa?
  2. If the daughter of a non-local queen has survived a season, does that mean she's been adapted to the colony?
  3. Are there more than one type of Varroa? Do they look the same?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Jeff Harris

  Bee Informed Partnership

  Honey Bee Health Coalition Varroa Control

  Varroa species comparison

• Episode 34: Drone Congregation Areas and Nosema

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Ben Oldroyd, a professor from the University of Sydney in Australia, who will be discussing his new research on the use of drones at drone congregation areas to estimate the density of wild honey bee colonies. This will be followed by an interview with Dr. Cameron Jack from the University of Florida, who is an expert on Nosema. We end this episode with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. Is it wrong to install honey supers on a colony during mite treatment?
  2. I've tried the Demaree method, but the bees keep filling back in the empty brood frames of honey so I end up with half-filled frames and then nothing to return down to the brood chamber. Is there a way to prevent this?
  3. When working Africanized bees, people will breathe through a 50ft tube to avoid producing carbon dioxide so that the bees don't know they're coming. This is common?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Benjamin P. Oldroyd Publications

  Assessing the Density of Honey Bee Colonies at Ecosystem Scales

  Estimating the density of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies

  The density of feral honey bee colonies in South East Australia

  Swarm Control for Managed Beehives: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in970 

• Episode 35: Natural Varroa-Resistant Honey Bees and Small Hive Beetles

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Steve Martin, a professor from the University of Salford in the United Kingdom, who will be discussing his research on natural varroa-resistant honey bees. This will be followed by a segment where Cameron interviews Jamie, on small hive beetles. We end this episode with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. When do queen bees and nurse bees sleep or rest? How do bees tell the difference between night and day if it's dark in the hive?
  2. Are there winter bees in the south? What makes a winter bee develop differently in the north versus the south?
  3. Have direct-fed probiotics been studied for Nosema control?

  Notes and additional resources 

  BBKA News - Natural Varroa-Resistant Honey Bees: https://www.bbka.org.uk/shop/bbka-special-edition-natural-varroa-resistant-honey-bees-new 

  Varroa destructor reproduction and cell re-capping in mite-resistant Apis mellifera populations: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13592-019-00721-9 

  Small Hive Beetle Resources: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/pest-and-disease-resources/small-hive-beetles 

• Episode 36: Drone Congregation Areas & Queen Bee Production in Europe

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Ashley Mortenson from Plant and Food Research in New Zealand, who will be talking about drone congregation areas. Then we will interview Dr. Raffaele Dall’Olio, an independent honey bee research and extension specialist in Italy, who will be discussing queen bee production in Europe. We end this episode with Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. What is the significant of the three honeycomb pattern on your logo?
  2. Why don't we hear more about essential oils to assist with diseases, Varroa, or small hive beetle?
  3. Do drones have the ability to produce wax? Do they have wax glands?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Segment 1

  Ashley Mortenson Bio: https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/2029829747-Ashley-N-Mortensen 

  Photos: https://photos.app.goo.gl/oHVDNbDyXr8GDHNn8 

  NZ Plant and Food Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/plantandfood/ 

  NZ Plant and Food Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/plantandfood  

  NZ Plant and Food Twitter: https://twitter.com/plantandfood 

  Varroa on drones at DCA’s: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00436-018-6035-z 
  

  Apis mellifera scutellata drones at regional mating areas: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161331

  Segment 2

  Dr. Raffaele Dall'Olio: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Raffaele_DallOlio

  Dr. Raffaele Dall’Olio: https://coloss.org/profile/913/ 

  Bee Breed: www.BeeBreed.eu 

  Effects of shipping on queen quality: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340045709_Effect_of_shipping_boxes_attendant_bees_and_temperature_on_honey_bee_queen_sperm_quality_Apis_mellifera 

  International Honey Bee Breeding Network: https://ihbbn.org/ 

  COLOSS: http://coloss.org/what-we-do/ 

  Supressed mite reproduction (SMR) explained by the behaviour of adult bees: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00218839.2005.11101141 

  Locally adapted honey bee breeding: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335777659_IHBBN_reducing_colony_losses_by_breeding_locally_adapted_honey_bees  

  Impacts of neonicotinoids on queens: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283955459_Field_assessment_of_impacts_of_different_neonicotinoids_on_honey_bee_queens_and_drones 

• Episode 37: History of the Honey Industry & Arthropod Invaders

  In this episode, we are joined by Doug McGinnis, former owner of Tropical Blossom Honey, who is an expert on the history of the honey industry and importing and exporting honey. Then, Amy will interview Jamie on arthropod invaders in honey bee colonies. We end this episode with Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. How do you limit the growth of a colony?
  2. When should I add a honey super in Florida during fall?
  3. Is it possible to pay for a type of honey bee that has traits which can reduce the need to treat for Varroa?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Southern United States Trade Association (SUSTA): https://www.susta.org/ 

  Bottling, Labeling, and Selling Honey in Florida: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in918 

  Diseases and Pests of the Honey Bee: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/media/entnemdeptifasufledu/honeybee/pdfs/AA09000-Pests-and-Diseases.pdf 

  Florida Beekeeping Management Calendar: https://www.fdacs.gov/Divisions-Offices/Plant-Industry/Bureaus-and-Services/Office-Locations/Apiary-Inspector-Directory 

• Episode 38: Hive on Public Land and How Honey Bees Choose New Sites

  In this episode, we are joined by Eric Silva, a consultant for the American Honey Producers Association who will be talking about keeping honey bee colonies on public land. Then, we will interview Dr. Tom Seeley, a professor at Cornell University and world expert on honey bee swarm biology, who will be discussing how honey bees choose nest sites. We end this episode with Q&A.    

  Q&A

  1. How do I know if where I live is a good place for making honey?
  2. Why do four of my hives consistently have more Varroa than the others, despite receiving the same treatment?
  3. Do queen excluders cause bees to die more quickly? Why do some people call them "honey excluders"?

  Notes and additional resources 

  American Honey Producers Association: https://www.ahpanet.com/ 

  Thomas Seeley:https://nbb.cornell.edu/thomas-seeley

  Thomas D. Seeley Website: http://pages.nbb.cornell.edu/seeley.shtml 

  The Lives of Bees, Dr. Tom Seeley: https://www.amazon.com/Lives-Bees-Untold-Story-Honey/dp/0691166765 

  Honeybee Democracy, Dr. Tom Seeley: https://www.amazon.com/Honeybee-Democracy-Thomas-D-Seeley/dp/0691147213 

• Episode 39: USDA Honey Bee Lab in Baton Rouge & World Honey Bee Health

  In this episode we will be interviewing Dr. Mike Simone-Finstrom, acting research leader at the USDA honey bee breeding, genetics, and physiology lab in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. We will follow that by interviewing our very own, Dr. Humberto Boncristiani, from the HBREL on the World Honey Bee Health project. We end this episode with Q&A.      

  Q&A

  1. Will an unmated queen leave with a swarm?
  2. Is it safe to use bamboo to make equipment for honey bees?
  3. Is a stinger both an ovipositor and a stinger, or does something change?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Mike Simone-Finstrom:https://www.ars.usda.gov/southeast-area/baton-rouge-la/honeybeelab/people/mike-simone-finstrom

  Russian Honey Bee Breeders Association: http://www.russianbreeder.org/ 

  HumbertoBoncristiani:http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/about-us/people/ 

  World Honey Bee Health: http://worldhoneybeehealth.com/ 

  Swarm Control for Managed Beehives: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in970  

• Episode 40: Pesticide Applicator Training & Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungal Pathogens

  In today’s episode we will be interviewing Dr. Andony Melathopoulos from Oregon State University who will discuss pesticide applicator training. We will follow that with a segment where Amy and Jamie discuss honey bee viruses, bacteria and fungal pathogens. We end with Q&A. 

  Q&A

  1. By the end of October, why does my hive dwindle down to a handful of bees? 
  2. Do Slovenian and top-bar constructions offer an advantage from an inspection standpoint? 
  3. One of my 40 hives is being robbed heavily. What do I need to do? 

  Notes and additional resources 

  Andony Melathopoulos:https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/users/andony-melathopoulos 

  Minimizing honey bee exposure to pesticides: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1027 

  Protecting bees and other pollinators from pesticides: https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection 

  Robbing behavior in honey bees: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1064 

  Biotic stressors of honey bee colonies:  

  http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/media/entnemdeptifasufledu/honeybee/pdfs/31,-July-2016,-Biotic-Stressors-of-Honey-Bees,-low-res.pdf 

  Diseases and pests of the honey bee:  

  http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/media/entnemdeptifasufledu/honeybee/pdfs/AA09000-Pests-and-Diseases.pdf 

• Episode 41: Honey Bee Pheromones and How to Provide Extension Program Feedback

  In this episode, Amy and Jamie will dedicate an entire segment to how you, our listeners, can help us improve this podcast; but first, we will be joined by Dr. Victoria Soroker who will be discussing pheromonal communication in honey bees. Finally, we end with everyone’s favorite game show, Stump the Chump.

  Q&A

  1. How do you differentiate between uncapped honey not ready for harvest and uncapped honey that is ready?
  2. What is it about the taste of honey that tells you it has fermented?
  3. Is honey considered a liquid or solid in the mail? 

  Notes and additional resources 

  Dr. Victoria Soroker: https://www.agri.gov.il/people/767.aspx

  Olfaction as a Target for Control of Varroa: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333156122_Olfaction_as_a_Target_for_Control_of_Honeybee_Parasite_Mite_Varroa_destructor

  COLOSS: https://coloss.org/

  Bottling, Labeling and Selling Honey in Florida: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in918

• Episode 42: Introducing a New Format & Discussing Pesticides

  In today’s episode, we are joined by Ben Powell, apiculture and pollinator protection specialist from Clemson University, who will be discussing pesticides and their impacts on honey bees. Next, Jamie has 5 minutes to break down today’s management topic: properly storing unused equipment. We will end today’s episode with everybody’s favorite question and answer segment, Stump the Chump.  

  Q&A

  1. Most people are constrained by space- in an ideal world, what would be the ultimate distance between hives to mitigate disease transmission, robbing and drifting?
  2. My colonies of Russian strains dramatically shut down on brood and size when pollen and nectar sources are slow. What causes this colony size decrease?
  3. Can a laying queen immediately be placed into a queen-less colony?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Ben Powell: https://www.clemson.edu/cafls/faculty_staff/profiles/bpowel2 

  South Carolina State Beekeepers Association: https://scstatebeekeepers.com/ 

  Minimizing Honey Bee Exposure to Pesticides: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1027 

  Mosquito Control and Beekeepers: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in813 

  Protecting Bees and Other Pollinators from Pesticides: https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection 

  Robbing behavior: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1064 

  Bee Pest Management: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/topic_bee_ipm 

• Episode 43: Temperature Stress of Queen Quality and Types of Foundation

  In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Alison McAfee from NC State University, who discusses the impact of temperature stress on queen honey bee quality. This is followed by our 5 Minute Management section, where Jamie and Amy discuss the different types of foundation. We end this episode with Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. Have there been any research to show that red lights in the hive control small hive beetle?
  2. Are there any scientific studies concerning the claim that pollen present in raw honey can relieve allergy symptoms?
  3. Have there been any studies regarding drone numbers near commercial queen-mating yards vs. drone numbers in a similar ecosystem without mating nucs?
  4. Are there recommendations for the number of drone source colonies per number of mating nucs in an area?

  Notes and additional resources 

  Alison McAfee: https://cals.ncsu.edu/entomology-and-plant-pathology/people/amcafee/ 

  Vulnerability of honey bee queens to heat-induced loss of fertility: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-020-0493-x?utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=commission_junction&utm_campaign=3_nsn6445_deeplink_PID100011630&utm_content=deeplink 

  Beekeeping Equipment: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/honey-bee/beekeeper-resources/beekeeping-equipment/ 

  Small Hive Beetle: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in854 

  Honey and Health: http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/osceolaco/2018/06/06/honey/ 

  Honey Bee Mating Biology: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/media/entnemdeptifasufledu/honeybee/pdfs/24,-December-2015,-Mating-Biology,-low-res.pdf 

• Episode 44: Local Honey Bees in the UK & Foundation Type Pros & Cons

  In this episode, we are joined by Norman Carreck, a beekeeper from the UK and Carreck Consultancy, who discusses local honey bees and adaptation. This is followed by our 5 Minute Management section, where Jamie and Amy discuss the pros and cons of the different types of foundation. We end this episode with Q&A.  

  Q&A

  1. One day, I check my hives and everything looks good. The next day, there are hundreds of dead bees on the bottom screen and the ground outside of the hive. What causes this? Where can I have an autopsy done? 
  2. My equipment came into contact with a Raid fumigator. Can it still be used if it is aired out for a while? 
  3. We know that a colony will replace their queen if she is "damaged".  Has any research been done on what constitutes damage?  If I clip a queen's wing, is she more likely to be perceived as damaged? 

  Notes and additional resources 

  Norman Carreck: https://profiles.sussex.ac.uk/p230460-norman-carreck 

  British Beekeeping Association: https://www.bbka.org.uk/find-beekeeping-near-you 

  COLOSS: https://coloss.org/ 

  The BeeMD: http://www.thebeemd.com/