University of Florida
Entomology and Nematology Department
Undergraduate Programs
Entomology and Nematology Department
Undergraduate Programs
1. Academic Learning Compact
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undergraduate Advisors: | ||
 |
Phil Koehler - (Urban Pest Management) - pgk@ifas.ufl.edu | |
|
Jaret Daniels (Ecotourism) jcdnls@ufl.edu | |
Honors Coordinator: Dan Hahn - 352-273-3968 ; email: dahahn@ifas.ufl.edu )
Entomology and nematology are biological sciences dealing with insects, mites, ticks, spiders, and nematodes. The Department of Entomology and Nematology offers a major in entomology and nematology and offers six (6) specialized degree tracks: Pre-professional, Basic Science, Ecotourism, Urban Pest Management, Biosecurity, and Plant Protection . Entomology and Nematology has a long tradition of sending students to Medical, Veterinary and Dental School, as well as to Graduate School and Employment.
Entomology Club
The Department of Entomology and Nematology has an active undergraduate club that participates in a wide array of University and Public Service events. All majors are encouraged to join, as well as dual majors, minors and simply interested students. Scholarships offered by the department demand proof of extra curricula involvement, and participation in Entomology Club events is a good way to meet that scholarship criterion. We invite you to take a look at our club, its current members and photos of its activities at: http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/club/ .
Financial Assistance
SCHOLARSHIPS ADMINISTERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AND NEMATOLOGY
Entomology and Nematology offers one of, if not the largest cadre of undergraduate scholarships within the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Application deadlines are typically in August annually with allocations made in September. Two special full-tuition scholarships are available to community college transfer students choosing entomology as a major and/or University students who wish to change their major to entomology. Scholarship applications are available at: http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/club/.
Undergraduate scholarships typically are allocated in $500, $1000, and/or $1500 increments. GPA, honors and awards, leadership experience and involvement in extra-curricular activities are the principal evaluation criteria. Full-tuition scholarships, for those eligible, cover 60 hours of undergraduate tuition or to completion of the B.S., whichever comes first. Tuition is paid at the in-state rate. Fees are not covered by this scholarship and remain the responsibility of the scholarship recipient.
Eligibility
To be eligible for an Entomology and Nematology Undergraduate Scholarship, a student must be either a major or dual major in one of the department's six degree tracks. To be competitive for a scholarship, the student must demonstrate good academic performance, examples of leadership development, extra curricular activities and, where available, examples of honors and awards received.
Eligible students interested in scholarships offered by the Department of Entomology and Nematology are encouraged to view the application forms available on the entomology club web site, then to contact the Undergraduate Coordinator with any further questions: Rebecca Baldwin, Undergraduate Coordinator, 352-273-3974 (baldwinr@ufl.edu). The department administers the following scholarships, named after individual donors:
Leland A. Davis Memorial Scholarship/Fellowship
As a tribute to UF Alumnus Dr Leland A Davis, this scholarship was established by contributions from his wife, Libby Davis, friends and colleagues. Entomology and Nematology majors displaying scholarship or leadership abilities may apply for this scholarship.
Milledge Murphey Memorial Scholarship
Dr. Murphey was an outstanding educator at UF, and well liked by his students, many of which contributed to this endowment in his honor.
John A. Mulrennan, Sr. Scholarship
Dr. Mulrennan has a very successful career in medical entomology and did much to advance mosquito management in Florida and to alleviate mosquito-transmitted diseases. Undergraduate majors may qualify for this award based on scholarship and financial need. Interest in a career in medical entomology is preferred.
Earl Dixon, Jr. Scholarship
R. Earl Dixon established this scholarship in memory of his son, Robert E Dixon. Department majors with interest in agricultural or urban pest management may apply for this scholarship, which is awarded based on scholarship, financial need, leadership, professional potential.
Carolyn D. Richardson Scholarship
R. Earl Dixon established this scholarship in recognition of his daughter, Carolyn D. Richardson. Department majors with interest in agricultural or urban pest management may apply for this scholarship, which is awarded based on scholarship, financial need, leadership, professional potential.
Lawrence Hetrick Scholarship/Fellowship
Active in many professional associations, Dr. Hetrick captivated students and audiences with his imaginative and detailed accounts of nature. Department majors may apply, with the award based on scholarship, financial need, leadership.
Everett M. Mitchell Scholarship/Fellowship
Everett Mitchell established this scholarship to support student interested in biological control or integrated pest management. A former USDA scientist, Dr. Mitchell was known for pioneering research involving pheromones and biological control.
Joseph L. Knapp Scholarship/Fellowship
A long-time faculty member in the Department, Dr. Knapp was known for his work in citrus pest management. Department students interested in a career in agricultural entomology may apply.
Dempsey Sapp Urban Entomology Scholarship
This award honors department graduate Dempsey Sapp who went on to develop the "Florida Pest Control and Chemical Company", one of the nation's largest independent pest control Companies.
David F. Williams Scholarship/Fellowship
This award was established by David F. Williams, noted medical and urban entomologist. This award is made to undergraduate majors based on professional potential.
Other Financial Assistance
Florida Entomological Society Scholarships - The FES awards three $500 grants to students majoring in Entomology or related disciplines. The recipients must be members of FES and full-time students with at least one year remaining in their degree program. Awarded each year at the FES meeting. Florida Pest Control Association Scholarship - The FPCA sponsors four tuition scholarships for incoming juniors majoring in Urban Pest Management. Two scholarships will be awarded each fall semester and will provide $1200 per year for two years. Applications in the spring semester. Phi Chi Omega Scholarship - Each year the national fraternity for pest control professionals, awards several $800 scholarships to promising students majoring in urban or industrial pest control or a closely related area. Awards are competitive on a national basis. Entomology Society of America (ESA) Undergraduate Scholarship - The ESA awards an annual $1000 undergraduate scholarship sponsored by BioQuip Products. Available on a national competitive basis and awarded according to scholarship, need and career goals.
This option prepares students for admission to medical and veterinary schools.
General Education Requirements
University Foundations (A) 9 credits
Composition 3 Mathematics 7 MAC 3311 Analy Geom and Calc I 4 STA 3023 Intro to Statistics I 3
Humanities (B) 9 credits
History, Philosophy, Literature, and Arts
Social and Behavioral Sciences (C) 9 credits
Include AEB 3103 Principles of Food and Resource Economics or micro and macro economics 6 hours
Physical and Biological Sciences (D) 8 credits
CHM 2045 and 2045L General Chemistry and Lab 4 BSC 2010 and 2010L Principles of Biology and Lab 4
Other Degree Requirements
AEE 3033 Ag Writing or equivalent 3 AEE 3030C Effective Oral Communication or equivalent 3 BSC 2011 and 2011L Principles of Biology and Lab 4 BCH 4024 Introduction to Biochem and Molecular Biology 4 CHM 2046 and 2046L General Chemistry II 4 CHM 3210, CHM 3211 and CHM 3211L Organic Chemistry 8 ENY 3005C Principles of Entomology 3 ENY 4161 Insect Classification 3 ENY 4453 Behavioral Ecology and Systematics or equivalent 3 ENY 4660C Medical and Veterinary Entomology 3 ENY 4905 Various problems, Seminars and Honors 3 MCB 3020C Basic Biology of Microorganisms 5 PCB 3063 Genetics or AGR 3303 Genetics 3 PHY 3053 and PHY 3055L Physics I 5 PHY 3053 and PHY 3055L Physics II 5 ZOO 3203 Invertebrate or ZOO 3303 Vertebrate Zoology 4
Approved electives 23 credits
Depending upon preprofessional requirements and specialization to complete required 120 credit hours
Prevet majors should include the following:
ASG 3003C Introduction to Animal Science 4 ASG 3313 Genetic Improvement of Farm Animals 3 ASG 3334 Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology 3
Other suggested electives
MCB 4203 Bacterial and Viral Pathogens 3 MCB 4503 General Virology 2 PCB 3134 Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function 3 PCB 4203 Biology of Differentiated Cells 3 PCB 4723C Animal Physiology 5 ZOO 4232 and ZOO 4232L Human Parasitology and Lab 4 Total 120 credits
This option provides students with a fundamental knowledge of biology, and prepares them for graduate studies in entomology and nematology.
General Education Requirements
University Foundations (A) 9 credits
Composition 3 Mathematics 7 MAC 3311 Analy Geom and Calc I 4 STA 3023 Intro to Statistics I 3
Humanities (B) 9 credits
History, Philosophy, Literature, and Arts Social and Behavioral Sciences (C) 9 credits
Include AEB 3103 Principles of Food and Resource Economics or micro and macro economics 6 hours
Physical and Biological Sciences (D) 8 credits
CHM 2045 and 2045L General Chemistry and Lab 4 BSC 2010 and 2010L Principles of Biology and Lab 4
Other Degree Requirements
AEE 3033 Ag Writing or equivalent 3 AEE 3030C Effective Oral Communication or equivalent 3 BSC 2011 and 2011L Principles of Biology and Lab 4 CHM 2046 and 2046L General Chemistry II 4 CHM 3200 CHM 3200L Organic Chemistry or
BCH 3023 Elem Organic and Biological Chemistry3-4 ENY 3005C Principles of Entomology 3 ENY 4161 Insect Classification 3 ENY 4453 Behavioral Ecology and Systematics 3 ENY 4660C Medical and Veterinary Entomology 3 ENY 4905 Various problems, Seminars and Honors 3 MCB 3020C Basic Biology of Microorganisms 5 NEM 3002 Principles of Nematology 3 PCB 3063 Genetics or AGR 3303 Genetics 3 PCB 4044 General Ecology or equivalent 4 PHY 2004 PHY 2004L Applied Physics I 4 PHY 2005 PHY 2005L Applied Physics II 4 ZOO 3203 Invertebrate Zoology 4
Approved electives 19 credits
Depending upon area of interest and specialization chose electives to complete required 120 credit hours.
Suggested electives
EES 3000 Environ Science and Humanity 3 BOT 3153 Local Flora or BOT 2710 Plant Taxonomy 3 BOT 3503 Intro to Plant Physiology or equivalent 3-5 MCB 4203 Bacterial and Viral Pathogens 3 MCB 4503 General Virology 2 PCB 3134 Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function 3 PCB 4203 Biology of Differentiated Cells 3 PMA 3010 Fundamentals of Pest Management 3 ZOO 3302C Vertebrate Zoology 4 PCB 4723C Animal Physiology 5 ZOO 4232 and ZOO 4232L Human Parasitology and Lab 4 Total 120 credits
III. Ecotourism - This specialization prepares students for professional careers in the ecotourism industry. This curriculum is appropriate for students seeking employment with nature preserves, nature-based theme parks, and in natural history education or nature-based recreation. It emphasizes the nature interpretation component of ecotourism, while including a core of recreation and tourism, management and economics, and human ecology courses. A nature-based internship is required.
General college requirements |
Credits |
|---|---|
| Composition (GE) | 3 |
| CHM 2040 General Chemistry (GE-P) | 3 |
| Humanities (GE-H) | 3 |
| MAC 1142 (GE-M) Precal. Algebra/Trig | 4 |
| BSC 2010/1, Princ. of Biology I (GE-B) | 4 |
| BSC201 l/L Princ. of Biology 2 (GE-B) | 4 |
| AGG 3333C Computers (GE-M) | 3 |
| PHY 2004 or PHY 2020 Intro. to Princ. Physics (GE-P) | 3 |
| ECO 2023 or AEB 3103 Microeconomics (GE-S) | 3 |
| AEE 3030C Effective Oral Communication | 3 |
AEE 3033 Writing for Ag and Natural Resources | 3 |
| Humanities (GE) | 6 |
| Social and Behavioral Sciences (GE-S) | 6 |
Departmental requirements |
Credits |
| ENY 3005C Principles of Entomology | 3 |
| ENY 4161 Insect Classification | 3 |
| ENY 4660 Medical and Veterinary Entomology | 3 |
| ENY 4453 Behavioral Ecology and Systematics | 3 |
| ENY 4941 Practical Work Experience/Internship | 6-10 |
Ecotourism requirements |
Credits |
| Invertebrate Animal elective | 3-4 |
| Vertebrate Animal elective | 3-4 |
| Human Ecology elective | 3 |
| Plant Identification elective | 3-4 |
| Ecology elective | 3-4 |
| Physical Science elective | 3-4 |
| Recreation and Tourism electives | 6 |
| Management & Economics electives | 6-8 |
| Human Ecology electives | 6 |
| Total credits | 120 |
| Ecotourism Specialization Electives | (Credits) |
|---|---|
| Biophysical Resources (credits - 15-20; at least one course from each group) | |
|
|
- Recreation and Tourism
- LEI 3250 Introduction to Outdoor Recreation and Parks (3)
- LEI 3546 Park Management (3)
- LEI 3830 Principles of Travel and Tourism (3)
- LEI 4833 Ecotourism
- Management & Economics
- ECO 2013 Macroeconomics (S) (3)
- ECO 3203 Intermediate Macroeconomics
- FNR 4623C Integrated Natural Resource Management (3)
- LEI 3843 Commercial Recreation (3)
- LEI 4570 Revenue Resources Management (3)
- MAN 3025 Principles of Management (4)
- Human Ecology
- ANT 2402 Introduction to Applied Anthropology (3)
- ANT 4185 Principles of Archeology (3)
- ANT 2410 Cultural Anthropology
- BOT 2800C Plants in Human Affairs (B) (3)
- WIS 4523 Human Dimensions of Natural Resource Conservation (3)
Critical Tracking Criteria:
Critical tracking courses are bolded. A student should complete the bolded courses in the semester indicated to stay "on track" for the major.
FRESHMAN YEAR |
|
| Semester I - Fall | |
| Composition (GE) | 3 |
| CHM 2040 General Chemistry (GE-P) | 3 |
| Humanities (GE-H) | 3 |
| MAC 1142 (GE-M) Precal. Algebra/Trig | 4 |
| Total | 13 |
| Semester 2 - Spring | |
| BSC 2010 Princ. of Biology 1 (GE-B) | 3 |
| BSC 2010L Biology Lab (GE-B) | 1 |
| AGG 3333C Computers (GE-M) | 3 |
| Humanities (GE) | 3 |
| Social and Behavioral Sciences (GE-S) | 3 |
Total | 13 |
SOPHOMORE YEAR |
|
| Semester 3 - Fall | |
| BSC 2011 Princ. of Biology 2 (GE-B) | 3 |
| BSC 2011L Biology Lab (GE-B) | 1 |
| Humanities (GE-H) | 3 |
| PHY 2004 or PHY 2020 Intro. to Princ. Physics (GE-P) | 3 |
| Social & Behavioral Sciences (GE) | 3 |
| Total | 13 |
| Semester 4 - Spring | |
| ECO 2023 or AEB 3103 Microeconomics (GE-S) | 3 |
| AEE 303C Effective Oral Communication | 3 |
| AEE 3033 Writing for Ag and Natural Resources | 3 |
| Electives | 3 |
| Total | 12 |
Semester 5 - Summer |
|
| ENY 3005C Princ. of Entomology | 3 |
| Invertebrate Animal elective | 3-4 |
| Elective | 3 |
| Total | 9-10 |
JUNIOR YEAR |
|
| Semester 6 - Fall | |
| ENY 4161 Insect Classification | 3 |
| Human Ecology elective | 3 |
| Plant Identification elective | 3-4 |
| Elective | 3 |
| Total | 12-13 |
Semester 7 - Spring |
|
| Vertebrate Animal elective | 3-4 |
| Ecology elective | 3-4 |
| Physical Science elective | 3-4 |
| Recreation and tourism elective | 3 |
| Total | 12-15 |
Semester 8 - Summer |
|
| ENY 4941 Practical Work Experience/Intemship | 6-10 |
SENIOR YEAR |
|
| Semester 9 - Fall | |
| Management & Economics elective | 3-4 |
| Recreation and Tourism elective | 3 |
| ENY 4660 Medical and Veterinary Entomology | 3 |
| Elective | 3 |
| Total | 12-13 |
Semester 10 - Spring |
|
| Management & Economics elective | 3-4 |
| Vertebrate Animal elective | 3-4 |
| ENY 4453 Behavioral Ecolog,y and Systematics | 3 |
| Human Ecology elective | 3 |
| Total | 12-14 |
| TOTAL | 120 Credits |
Specialization Options
Biophysical Resources (credits = 15-20; at least one course from each group)- Invertebrate Animal electives
- ENY 3030C Insect FieId Biology (3)
- ZOO 3203C Invertebrate Zoology (4)
- Vertebrate Animal electives
- WIS 3401C Wildlife Ecology and Management (B) (3)
- ZOO Vertebrate Zoology (B) (4)
- ZOO Avian Biology (B) (4)
- Plant Identification electives
- BOT 2710 Practical Plant Taxonomy (B) (3)
- BOT 3143 Local Flora (B) (3)
- FNR 313 1 C Dendrology/Forest Plants (4)
- Physical Science
- GEO 2200 Physical Geography (B) (3)
- GLY 2010C Physical Geology (P) (4)
- GLY 2100C Historical Geology (P) (4)
- SOS 3022 General Soils (3)
- Ecology
- FOR 3153C Forest Ecology (B) (3)
- PCB 3043C Introduction to Ecology (B) (4)
- PCB 4044C General Ecology (B) (4)
- Recreation and Tourism
- LEI 3250 Introduction to Outdoor Recreation and Parks (3)
- LEI 3546 Park Management (3)
- LEI 3830 Principles of Travel and tourism (3)
- LEI 4833 Ecotourism
- Management & Economics
- ECO 2013 Macroeconomics (S) (3)
- ECO 3203 Intermediate Macroeconomics
- FNR 4623C Integrated Natural Resource Management (3)
- LEI 3843 Commercial Recreation (3)
- LEI 4570 Revenue Resources Management (3)
- MAN 3025 Principles of Management (4)
- Human Ecology
- ANT 2402 Introduction to Applied Anthropology (3)
- ANT 4185 Principles of Archeology (3)
- ANT 2410 Cultural Anthropology
- BOT 2800C Plants in Human Affairs (B) (3)
- WIS 4523 Human Dimensions of Natural Resource Conservation (3)
-
ENY 4941 Practical Work Experience/Internship (6-10)
This option is for students who desire to enter the pest control control industry. Students are trained about arthropods, nematodes, plant diseases, and weeds with reference to the pest problems in and around residential and commercial property. Emphasis is also given to a business curriculum so that students are prepared for management responsibilities in the pest control industry. General Education RequirementsUniversity Foundations (A) 9 credits
Humanities (B) 9 creditsHistory, Philosophy, Literature, and Arts Social and Behavioral Sciences (C) 9 credits Physical and Biological Sciences (D) 8 credits
Other Degree Requirements
Business Requirements 12 credits(choose 12 credits from the following:)
Approved electives 19 creditsChoose electives to complete required 120 credit hours.Suggestions:
In this specialization, students receive instruction in the plant biosecurity emphasizing areas of entomology, nematology, plant pathology and weed science. The curriculum focuses on the study of invasive species, including their detection, identification, exclusion, regulation and management. Emphasis is placed on understanding the impacts nonindigenous species can have on financial, legal, political and social systems.
Students find employment in agribusiness or government agencies concerned with plant biosecurity, agro-terrorism, pest management, crop production and environmental protection. The specialization is excellent preparation for graduate study in the University of Florida Plant Medicine Program (PMP), a professional doctoral program leading to a Doctor of Plant Medicine (D.P.M.) degree.
An overall minimum 2.6 GPA is required for the specialization.
Critical Tracking and Recommended Semester Plan
Semester 1: 2.0 UF GPA required for semesters 1-5 2.0 GPA required for all critical-tracking coursework for semesters 1-5 Complete 2 of 5 critical-tracking courses, excluding labs: CHM 2045/2045L, CHM 2046/2046L, MAC 1147, BSC 2010/2010L, or BOT 2010C, and BSC 2011/2011L
Semester 2: Complete 1 additional critical-tracking course, excluding labs
Semester 3: Complete 1 additional critical-tracking course, excluding labs
Semester 4: Complete other critical-tracking courses, excluding labs
Semester 5: Complete all critical-tracking courses, including labs
To remain on track, students must complete the appropriate critical-tracking courses, which appear in bold.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Recommended semester plan
Other Required Courses
Group 1- Law and Policy (One course required from this category)
AEB 4123 Agricultural and Natural Resource Law 3 ALS 4085 Ag Risk Management and the Law 3 AEB 4242 International Trade Policy in Agriculture 3 (GE-S) AEB 4274 Natural Resource and Environmental Policy 3 ECO 3703 International Trade 3 FNR 4660C Natural Resource Policy and Administration 3 POT 3503 Environmental Ethics and Policy 3 PUP 3203 Environmental Law and Policy 3
Group 2- Geographic Information Systems (One course required from this category)
SUR 3393/3393L Geographic Information Systems 3 URP 4273 Survey of Planning Information Systems 3 EES 4027 Spatial Analysis using Geographic Information Systems 3 FNR 3410 Natural Resource Sampling 4 (take after STA 2023) FOR 3434 Forest Resources Information Systems 2 LAA 4381C Environmental Methods and GIS 4
Required and Approved Electives
Other courses will require adviser approval
ALS 3133 Agricultural and Environmental Quality 3 AOM 3333 Pesticide Application Techniques 3 BOT 3151C Local Flora of North Florida (GE-B) 3 ENY 3222C Biology and Identification of Urban Pests 3 ENY 3541C Tree and Shrub Insects 3 ENY 3565 Tropical Horticultural Entomology 2 FOR 3004 Forests, Conservation and People (GE-B) 3 FRC 3212 Introduction to Citrus Culture and Production 4 MCB 2000/2000L Microbiology and Laboratory (GE-B) 4 ORH 3513 Environmental Plant Identification and Use 3 ORH 3513L Environmental Plant Identification and Use Lab 2 ORH 4242C Arboriculture 4 ORH 4321C Palm Production and Culture 3 PCB 3601C Plant Ecology 4 PLP 3653C Introductory Mycology 4 PLP 4222C Introductory Plant Virology 4 PLP 4242C Introduction to Plant Bacteriology 3 PLP 4260C Introduction to Plant Pathogenic Fungi 4 PLP 4290C Principles of Plant Disease Diagnosis 2 PLS 4343C Identification and Ecology of Aquatic Plants 3 PMA 3022 Fundamentals of Pest Management 3 PMA 3931 Seminar in Basic Plant Pest Management 1 PMA 4570C Field Techniques in IPM 2 PUR 3000 Principles of Public Relations 3 SOS 4116 Environmental Nutrient Management 3 WIS 3401/3401L Wildlife Ecology and Management 4
The University's General Education program:
Highlighted items show how this curriculum fills all requirements.
All undergraduate students (except those transferring with an AA from either a Florida public community college or a Florida public state university) are required to complete the 36-hour General Education requirement to graduate.
The University's General Education program requires courses in the following areas:
Areas Composition (C) 3 3 Humanities (H) 9 6 Mathematics (M) 6 7 Physical (P) and Biological (B) Sciences 9 12 Social and Behavioral Sciences (S) 9 13 Total Credit Requirements: 36 41
International (N) & Diversity (D) 3 credits in each taken in conjunction with C, H, S, P, or B We have one BN required course & one HD elective to satisfy this requirement
Students will receive instruction in the pest science areas of entomology, nematology, plant pathology and weed science. Emphasis is placed on understanding the crop/plant ecosystem and the need for managing pests. The curriculum focuses on the theory and application of biological, chemical and integrated management programs for quality environments. Students who complete the requirements for the specialization find employment in agribusiness or government agencies concerned with pest management, crop production and environmental protection. The specialization is excellent preparation for graduate study. FRESHMAN YEAR
SOPHOMORE YEAR
Critical tracking criteria: * All lower division tracking courses must be completed by the end of semester four * Have a 2.00 UF GPA * Have a 2.5 math/science GPA * 6 hours must have an international or diversity focus JUNIOR YEAR
SENIOR YEAR
Approved electives from the following to complete the balance of the 120 credit hours required for graduation or see adviser for approval.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Today is:
Comments or Suggestions: webmaster